Scott R. Swanson
Kevin Gwinner
Brian V. Larson

This research explores the impact of four individual psychological motivations (i.e., team identification, eustress, group affiliation, and self-esteem enhancement) on college student's reported verbal recommendations and patronage behaviors toward a sporting event.Read more

Galen T. Trail
Janet S. Fink
Dean F. Anderson

Description: Competition for the sport consumer dollar has increased tremendously in recent years. A better understanding of why sport spectators and fans consume media and merchandise would benefit sport marketers and managers greatly. To date, no empirically tested model has proposed explanatory and predictive relationships among fan/spectator motives and behavior variables. In addition, no psychometrically sound scales exist to measure these cognitive, affective, and behavioral constructs. The results of this study indicate that a model including such factors as motives, identification...Read more

Pages